Diabetes insipidus symptoms start to appear in people which is has a deficiency in a specific hormone called antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or also known as arginine vasopresine (AVP). This hormone is responsible in regulation urine production. This ADH works with other protein and as a result of it function makes the reabsorption of water into the bloodstream and results the concentrated urine.
Beside of the deficiency of ADH production, the diabetes insipidus symptoms can be develop in people with kidney insensitivity to the ADH. This condition is called as nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
2 common diabetes insipidus symptoms
1. Excessive urination.
This sign of the condition may happen to children and adults. This excessive urination in diabetes insipidus (DI) is quite similar with excessive urination caused by diabetes mellitus without hyperglycemia and the absence of glucose in urine.
In normal person, urine output can range from 1.5-2.5 liters a day. Depending on the severity of the condition, someone with diabetes insipidus urine output can be range from 2.6-15 liters a day. This condition may cause dangerous situation when the diabetic did not take enough water supply.
This DI sign continues for all day and night long. In several people the condition will also affect to sleep pattern causing frequent wake up at the night or bed-wetting. In children this condition may also interfere with eating, appetite, weight gain and growth as well.
This condition can affect the body in such a way that it retains an insufficient amount of water to be able to function properly thus leading to dehydration. Dehydration can cause dry mouth, a certain muscle weakness, low blood pressure or hypotension, a sunken appearance of the eyes, high fever and headache, and a rapid heart rate or tachycardia.
2. Extreme thirst
This sign is one of common diabetes insipidus symptoms. The excretion of an excessive amount of diluted urine cause the water concentration in the bloodstream become low and body respond this condition with thirst sensation.
It also can cause an imbalance in the amount of electrolytes circulating in the body. Electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and phosphorus are responsible in maintaining body homeostasis. An imbalance may cause symptoms like headaches, weakness, pain in the muscle and touchiness.
Symptoms of diabetes insipidus in children
Diabetes insipidus symptoms in young children and infants may appear as the following signs: Unexplained fussiness or inconsolable crying, listless or irritable, unusually wet diapers, and may have fever, dry skin with cool extremities, vomiting, diarrhea, and also may causing weight loss and delayed growth.
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